Ectopic Pregnancy . The Silent Danger You Should Be Aware Of
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterine cavity, often in the fallopian tube.
This condition cannot develop naturally, as the uterus is the only organ capable of housing and developing a fetus. Any pregnancy outside the uterus can be life-threatening if not detected and treated promptly.
Although ectopic pregnancy accounts for only about 2% of pregnancies, it is considered an emergency that requires urgent medical intervention.
Symptoms of an Ectopic Pregnancy
Symptoms may begin mild and resemble those of a normal pregnancy, such as mild vaginal bleeding or abdominal or pelvic pain. However, if the fallopian tube ruptures, the condition worsens and includes severe pain, dizziness, fainting, and sometimes shoulder pain.
These symptoms require immediate emergency care to avoid serious complications such as internal bleeding.
Causes of Ectopic Pregnancy
In most cases, an ectopic pregnancy results from an obstruction or delay in the fertilized egg's movement through the fallopian tube, such as:
- Scarring or adhesions from previous surgeries.
- Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease or sexually transmitted diseases.
- Birth defects or abnormal growths within the fallopian tube.
This condition is more likely to occur in women who have previously had an ectopic pregnancy, are undergoing fertility treatments, or are using an intrauterine device (IUD) during pregnancy.
Early Diagnosis Methods
Early diagnosis is the first line of defense and relies on:
- Pregnancy hormone (hCG) testing: In a normal pregnancy, hCG levels rise regularly, while in an ectopic pregnancy, the increase is slower.
- Transvaginal ultrasound: To detect the presence of a fetus inside or outside the uterus, and to monitor any fluid accumulation or masses in the fallopian tubes.
- Pelvic examination: To detect pain or a mass in the lower abdomen.
- Awareness of the symptoms of ectopic pregnancy and regular checkups, especially for pregnant women or those trying to become pregnant, can save a mother's life and preserve her health.
